【辭典】Double Patenting 重覆專利

Double Patenting

“double patenting ”是為避免“一個”專利權人，針對一份相同的發明，得到兩份專利。「Non-statutory, or “obviousness-type,” double patenting」是為禁止專利權人有效地延長專利的保護期限。

參見此判例所討論的Double Patenting
The double patenting doctrine generally prevents a patentee from receiving two patents for the same invention. Thus, this doctrine polices the proper application of the patent term for each invention. The proscription against double patenting takes two forms: statutory and non-statutory. Statutory, or “same invention,” double patenting is based on the language in § 101 of the Patent Act mandating “a patent” for any new and useful invention. 35 U.S.C. § 101 (2000); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 1052 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (“If the claimed inventions are identical in scope, the proper rejection is under 35 U.S.C. § 101 because an inventor is entitled to a single patent for an invention.”) (citations omitted). Non-statutory, or “obviousness-type,” double patenting is a judicially created doctrine adopted to prevent claims in separate applications or patents that do not recite the “same” invention, but nonetheless claim inventions so alike that granting both exclusive rights would effectively extend the life of patent protection. Gerber Garment Tech., Inc. v. Lectra Sys., Inc., 916 F.2d 683, 686 (Fed. Cir. 1990) (citing In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 534 (CCPA 1969)). This case involves double patenting in this latter category.

參見智財局論壇的討論：原始及我的備份。

日本網站的解譯：原始及我的備份
「重複特許には、出願人（発明者）が異なる場合と出願人（発明者）が同一の場合とで対応が異なる。出願人が異なる場合は、§102(e)(g)で拒絶になり、その後はInterferenceの問題となる。。また、出願人が同一の場合は、重複特許で拒絶になり、重複する該当クレームの存続期間を一部放棄（terminal disclaimer）することで対応できることがある。」
此站將重覆專利分成“申請人相同”及“申請人不相同”其實算是錯誤的觀念，重覆專利的前提是申請人一定要相同。不過，重覆專利的重點是在於“如何判斷什麼是相同的發明”。故適合與102（e）（g）中“相同發明”的做比較。